Two types of cracked-section analysis are available, including:

1. Csi Safe 2014 V14 Crack

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• Immediate cracked deflection

• Long-term cracked deflection accounting for creep and shrinkage

Cracked-section analysis is run in SAFE using either of the following two methods:

1. All load patterns are applied in a single load case which uses either immediate or long-term cracked deflection, discussed as follows:
   
   • Immediate cracked deflection, in which all loads (DEAD + SDEAD + LIVE) are applied in a single load pattern, then analysis is run with the Crack Analysis option.
   
   
   • Long-term cracked deflection, in which analysis is divided into the following two categories:
   
   
   • Non-sustained portion, in which cracked-section analysis considers only the non-sustained portion of LIVE load, solving for incremental deflection.
     
   • Sustained portion, in which long-term cracked analysis considers the sustained loading from DEAD, SDEAD, and a portion of the LIVE load. Creep and shrinkage are included only in this sustained portion of analysis because these effects are only applicable under sustained loading.

NOTE:

• Short-term concrete modulus = Elastic concrete modulus Ec(to)
• Long-term concrete modulus = Age-adjusted concrete modulus Ec(t,to), given as:

Srw2024 downloading code using xmodem hyperterminals. For example, assume that 25% of the LIVE load is sustained.

Csi Safe 2014 V14 Crack

Analysis proceeds as follows:

• Case 1: Cracked analysis for short-term load with short-term concrete modulus is given as

DEAD + SDEAD + ΨLIVE,

in which Ψ = 1.0

• Case 2: Cracked analysis for permanent load with short-term concrete modulus is given as

DEAD + SDEAD + ΨLIVE,

in which Ψ = 0.25 (Ψ = 0 if 100% of the LIVE load is non-sustained)

• Case 3: Long-term cracked analysis (with creep and shrinkage) for permanent load with long-term concrete modulus is given as

DEAD + SDEAD + ΨLIVE,

in which Ψ = 0.25

• The value of total long-termdeflection is then the combination of

Case 3 + (Case 1- Case 2).

The difference between Case 1 and Case 2 represents the incremental deflection (without creep and shrinkage) due to non-sustained loading on a cracked structure.

• Case 4= Cracked analysis for permanent load with short-term concrete modulus is given as DEAD + ΨSDEAD, in which Ψ = percentage of super imposed dead load present before attachment of non structural elements

The procedure indicated above results on total long term deflection over time. Most engineers simply check this values against ACI 318 Table 9.5(b), since this will always result in safe and conservative design.

Adapted from:

https://wiki.csiamerica.com/display/safe/Cracked-section+analysis